Two-stage Cu–Pb–Zn mineralization of the Baoshan deposit in southern Hunan, South China: constraints from zircon and pyrite geochronology and geochemistry

Da-Peng Zhu, Huan Li*, Landry Soh Tamehe, Wei-Cheng Jiang, Chong Wang, Kun-Yan Wu

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

17 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The Baoshan Cu–Pb–Zn deposit is one of the representative polymetallic deposits in the middle of the Nanling Range, the western part of the Qin–Hang ore belt. In order to better understand the magmatic activity (granodiorite porphyry and porphyritic granodiorite) and mineralization in the Baoshan deposit, in situ U–Pb and Lu–Hf isotope studies of zircons and trace element compositions of two generations of pyrite (ore stage: Py I and post-ore stage: Py II) have been carried out. This constrains the geochronology, magma source, fluid composition, and the origin of the ore-forming materials. The zircon U–Pb dating results from two types of intrusions show two geochronological populations: (i) ~180 Ma for the Cu (Pb–Zn) mineralization that is related to the porphyritic granodiorite, and (ii) ~160 Ma for the Cu–Pb–Zn mineralization which is associated with the granodiorite porphyry. The similar REE patterns, Hf/U, Nb/Ta, and Y/Ho ratios along with Hf isotopic characteristics of both granite types indicate that these rocks were sourced from the partial melting of lithospheric mantle and lower crust. Zircons from the granodiorite porphyry have higher Nb, Ta, Lu, and Hf contents, but lower Ti contents and Th/U ratios than those from the porphyritic granodiorite, suggesting that the magma-forming granodiorite porphyry had lower temperature, higher oxygen fugacity, and probably experienced strong crystal fractionation. Py I and Py II are associated with the porphyritic granodiorite and are related to the mineralization that occurred at ~180 Ma. The composition of pyrite in the two stages indicates the contribution of granite and limestone to mineralization. The higher contents of metals (Cu, Pb, Zn, Bi, Ag, except Co and Ni) in Py I than in Py II indicate the cooling and mixing process of ore-forming fluid with meteoric water. The geochemical characteristics of the pyrite generations and U–Pb dating of zircons suggest that the small-scale mineralization occurred at ~180 Ma under a relatively high-temperature and lower oxidized magmatic environment, whereas the major metallogenic event occurred at ~160 Ma under a low-temperature, medium oxidized, and strongly fractionated magmatic environment. This study reveals that the multi-stage magmatic and mineralization processes mainly occurred during the Early to Late Jurassic in South China.

Original languageEnglish
Article number107070
Pages (from-to)1-18
Number of pages18
JournalJournal of Geochemical Exploration
Volume241
Early online date8 Aug 2022
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Oct 2022

Keywords

  • Baoshan
  • Element geochemistry
  • Lu–Hf isotope
  • Polymetallic deposit
  • U–Pb isotope

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