Abstract
Ugandan kamafugites occur in the Toro-Ankole province
along the Western Branch of the East African Rift within a Proterozoic-
Archean basement complex of the Tanzanian craton.
Our comprehensive geochemical study explains the origin of the
potassic-ultrapotassic kamafugites by re-melting of a variably,
and episodically enriched veined lithospheric mantle characterized
by highly variable supra-chondritic radiogenic Os. Impregnation
of the source region by carbonititic and/or highly alkaline silicate
melts resulted in the introduction of modal phlogopite and enrichment
in Fe and Re.
The extreme silica-undersaturation (SiO2 = 31.8–41.8 wt%) of
kamafugites, their high MgO (up to 22.5 wt%), low Al2O3
(<8.0 wt%), and high CaO contents (up to 16.6 wt%) are reflected
in the presence of modal kalsilite, leucite, melilite and perovskite.
Their primitive features such as high Mg# olivines (up to 91.1),
high whole-rock Mg# (up to 80.2), and high Ni (up to
1066 ppm), Cr (up to 1560 ppm) and Os (up to 1.45 ppb) are in
strong contrast to their extreme enrichment in LILE, HFSE,
and LREE. Isotopic signatures (87Sr/86Sr = 0.7046–0.7054,
eNd = 0.08 to 4.70, and eHf = 3.64 to 8.84, cOs = 16–290) tend
to much higher superchondritic cOs (cOs = 16–290) than oceanic
island basalts. Kamafigutes exhibit numerous signs of mixing,
both mineralogical and geochemical (e.g., complexly zoned olivines;
three generations of clinopyroxene; inverse trends on cOs
vs. Mg#, Ni [ppm], Cr [ppm], Os [ppb] and 87Sr/88Sr ratios; linear
trends on cOs vs. 1/Os [ppb], 187Re/188Os ratios, eNd and eHf).
Changes in kamafugite compositions are controlled by the
mineralogy of vein assemblages, by vein-wall-rock melting processes,
and by changes in CO2/H2O, alkalinity, fO2 , and fS2 conditions
during ascent. Partial melting of alkali clinopyroxenites,
xenolithic material as found in the same volcanic field, are
thought to represent the source material of katungites, whereas
mafuritic to uganditic compositions require the incorporation of
peridotite wall-rock material, and hence higher degrees of partial
melting.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | A540-A540 |
Number of pages | 1 |
Journal | Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta |
Volume | 70 |
Issue number | 18 supplement |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2006 |
Externally published | Yes |
Event | Goldschmidt Conference (16th : 2006) - Melbourne, Australia Duration: 27 Aug 2006 → 1 Sept 2006 |