Urinary excretion of MCP-1, IP-10 and PDGF-BB in type 2 diabetic patients with normo-and microalbuminuria

Objective To investigate urinary excretion levels and clinical significance of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), interferon-induced protein-10 (IP-10) and platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) in type 2 diabetic patients with normo-and microalbuminuria. Methods Fifteen type 2 diabetic patients with normoalbuminuria (NA), 16 patients with microalbuminuria (MA), and 16 non-diabetic controls (CTL) were recruited, urinary levels of MCP-1, IP-10, and PDGF-BB were measured by ELISA. Results Urinary excretion levels of MCP-1 and IP-10 were increased in MA group compared to those in NA (P < 0.001) and CTL groups (P < 0.001). Univariate analysis showed that MCP-1 and IP-10 levels were positively with urinary albumin excretion rate (r = 0.508, P = 0.04 and r = 0.550, P = 0.001), and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) (r = 0.753; r = 0.705, both P < 0.001) in diabetic patients. A negative correlation was demonstrated between MCP-1 and estimated glomerular filtration rate (r = -0.42, P = 0.019). In multivariate regression analysis HbA 1c and UAER were independent correlated with MCP-1 levels (Beta = 0.366, P = 0.035 and Beta = 0.426, P = 0.016). HbA1c was independent determinant of IP-10 (Beta = 0.455, P =0.021). No any association was found between urinary PDGF-BB levels and clinical parameters, but an elevated trend for PDGF-BB levels was observed in MA group. Conclusion These results demonstrated that detecting urinary levels of these cytokines in diabetic patients might be useful for the early diagnosis and management of nephropathy.